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Yeni ilin \u0259n \u00f6n\u0259mli atributlar\u0131ndan \u0259n birincisi \u015eaxta babad\u0131r. \u015eaxta baba q\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 k\u00fcrk geyinir, ba\u015f\u0131nda qardan papaq, \u00e7iynind\u0259 xurcun olur, \u0259lind\u0259 is\u0259 \u0259sa tutur, uzun a\u011f saqqal\u0131, q\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 burnu var.\nC\u0259miyy\u0259timizd\u0259 rus dilind\u0259n (\u201cDed Moroz\u201d) t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259 edil\u0259n \u015eaxta baban\u0131n d\u00fcnyan\u0131n m\u00fcxt\u0259lif \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 f\u0259rqli adlar\u0131 var: Sant Nikolas, Nikolas of Mariya, Santa Klaus, Pere Noel, M\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s ata, Kristmas, Noel baba v\u0259 sair\u0259. \u201cSa\u00e7-saqqal\u0131 tamam a\u011f, ba\u015f\u0131nda qardan papaq\u201d olan bu mehriban qocan\u0131 d\u00fcnyan\u0131n m\u00fcxt\u0259lif yerl\u0259rind\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif c\u00fcr adland\u0131rsalar da, bu adlardan \u0259n \u00e7ox populyar olan\u0131 Santa Klausdur.
\nBu obraz\u0131n yaranma tarixi \u0259srl\u0259rin d\u0259rinliyin\u0259 gedib \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r.
\nOnunla ba\u011fl\u0131 ta q\u0259dimd\u0259n b\u0259ri yaranan \u0259fsan\u0259 v\u0259 r\u0259vay\u0259tl\u0259r zaman ke\u00e7dikc\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259r\u0259 u\u011frayaraq \u015f\u0259kild\u0259n-\u015f\u0259kl\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcb v\u0259 bu g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u0259 g\u0259lib \u00e7at\u0131b. Haz\u0131rda d\u00fcnyada qeyd olunan Yeni il bayram\u0131n\u0131n bir \u00e7ox \u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259ri Miladdan qaynaqland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u015eaxta baba – Santa Klaus obraz\u0131n\u0131n \u0259sli d\u0259 xristian d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda axtar\u0131l\u0131r.
\nMaraql\u0131d\u0131r, g\u00f6r\u0259s\u0259n, u\u015faqlar\u0131n sevimlisi olan, h\u0259diyy\u0259 dolu sehrli torbas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7iynin\u0259 at\u0131b d\u00fcnyan\u0131 dola\u015fan \u015eaxta baba \u0259slind\u0259 kimdir v\u0259 haradan g\u0259lib? \u0130lk d\u0259f\u0259 harada peyda olub?
\n\u018ffsan\u0259y\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, kas\u0131b bir ki\u015finin 3 q\u0131z\u0131 olub. Bu q\u0131zlar cehiz \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn pul tapa bilm\u0259yibl\u0259r. Ke\u015fi\u015f Nikolas bundan x\u0259b\u0259r tutub bir gec\u0259 gizlinc\u0259 bu q\u0131zlar\u0131n evin\u0259 g\u0259lir. P\u0259nc\u0259r\u0259d\u0259n v\u0259 bacadan ev\u0259 q\u0131zlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn pul kis\u0259si at\u0131r. Q\u0131zlar\u0131n cehiz pulu d\u00fcz\u0259lir. O g\u00fcnd\u0259n xristianlar maddi problemi olanlara m\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s Nikolas\u0131n k\u00f6m\u0259k ed\u0259c\u0259yin\u0259 inan\u0131rlar. Ke\u015fi\u015f Nikolas \u00f6l\u0259nd\u0259n sonra onun q\u0259bri milyonlar\u0131n \u00fcmid yeri olub. Xristian d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda \u015eaxta baba M\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s Nikolay kimi tan\u0131n\u0131r.
\nBa\u015fqa bir r\u0259vay\u0259t\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 is\u0259, Santa Klaus, y\u0259ni \u015eaxta baba Finlandiya \u0259razisin\u0259 aid olan Laplandiyada Korvantunturi da\u011f\u0131nda i\u015fg\u00fczar c\u0131rtdanlarla birg\u0259 ya\u015fay\u0131r. Da\u011f \u00f6z formas\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 dov\u015fan qula\u011f\u0131n\u0131 xat\u0131rlad\u0131r. \u015eimali Avropada yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n Laplandiya d\u00f6rd d\u00f6vl\u0259t – Norve\u00e7, \u0130sve\u00e7, Finlandiya v\u0259 Rusiya aras\u0131nda b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcb. \u015eax-ta baba a\u011f saqqall\u0131, q\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 k\u00fcrkl\u00fc v\u0259 oyuncaqlarla dolu kis\u0259l\u0259r olan s\u0259kkiz maral\u0131n qo\u015fuldu\u011fu xiz\u0259yi idar\u0259 ed\u0259n mehriban ki\u015fi obraz\u0131nda t\u0259svir olunub.
\nBu maraql\u0131 personaj\u0131n meydana g\u0259lm\u0259si konkret adamla ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. H\u0259min \u015f\u0259xs 300-c\u00fc ild\u0259 Ki\u00e7ik Asiyan\u0131n Smirna \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259 ya\u015fay\u0131b. Onu Nikolay Mirlikinski, yaxud Smirna \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259n olan Nikolaus kimi \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131lar. Bu yepiskop mehribanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, s\u0259xav\u0259tliliyi v\u0259 kas\u0131b u\u015faqlar\u0131na b\u0259sl\u0259diyi m\u0259h\u0259bb\u0259ti il\u0259 \u015f\u00f6hr\u0259t qazanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. H\u0259tta Nikolaus onlar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131qlar\u0131 evl\u0259rin p\u0259nc\u0259r\u0259sind\u0259n h\u0259diyy\u0259l\u0259r d\u0259 atard\u0131.
\nR\u0259smi olaraq \u015eaxta baban\u0131n ofisi 1985-ci ild\u0259 a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131b. Bura il \u0259rzind\u0259 d\u00fcnyan\u0131n h\u0259r yerind\u0259n 700 min m\u0259ktub g\u0259lir. Onun \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck arzusu is\u0259 Yer k\u00fcr\u0259sind\u0259ki u\u015faqlar\u0131n ham\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 xo\u015fb\u0259xt etm\u0259kdir. \u015eaxta baban\u0131n n\u0259v\u0259si Qar q\u0131z\u0131n v\u0259t\u0259ni is\u0259 Rusiya hesab edilir. \u00c7\u00fcnki Qar q\u0131z\u0131n peyda olmas\u0131 q\u0259dim rus folklor \u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 gedib \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r.
\nYeni il dey\u0259nd\u0259 \u015eaxta baba Qar q\u0131zla yana\u015f\u0131, \u015fam a\u011fac\u0131 da yada d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Yeni ilin simvolu kimi \u015fam a\u011fac\u0131 ilk d\u0259f\u0259 Almaniyada b\u0259z\u0259nib. H\u0259l\u0259 \u00e7ox-\u00e7ox \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259r m\u00fcxt\u0259lif tayfalar \u015fam a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131 k\u0259sib, ev\u0259 g\u0259tirirdil\u0259r v\u0259 suxar\u0131, \u015firin \u00e7\u00f6r\u0259kl\u0259 budaqlar\u0131n\u0131 b\u0259z\u0259yirdil\u0259r. Bununla da, g\u00fcman edirdil\u0259r ki, bu a\u011fac onlar\u0131n evin\u0259 bolluq v\u0259 b\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t g\u0259tir\u0259c\u0259k. \u015eam a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131 b\u0259z\u0259m\u0259k \u0259n\u0259n\u0259si Almaniyadan b\u00fct\u00fcn Avropaya v\u0259 d\u00fcnyaya yay\u0131l\u0131b. XX \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 ingilis missionerl\u0259r \u015fam a\u011fac\u0131 b\u0259z\u0259m\u0259k ad\u0259tini Uzaq \u015e\u0259rq\u0259, \u00c7in v\u0259 Yaponiyaya da yay\u0131blar.
\nBir \u00e7ox tarix\u00e7il\u0259r \u0259mindirl\u0259r ki, d\u00fcnya xalqlar\u0131n\u0131n f\u0259rqli vaxtlarda ke\u00e7irdiyi Yeni il \u015f\u0259nlikl\u0259ri q\u0259dim Misird\u0259n qaynaqlanan m\u0259hsul bayram\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"