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D\u00fcnyada qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 almaq m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan ciddi probleml\u0259rd\u0259n biri d\u0259 bo\u015fanma hallar\u0131d\u0131r. Bu b\u0259la b\u0259\u015f\u0259riyy\u0259tin ya\u015fam t\u0259rzin\u0259 a\u011f\u0131r z\u0259rb\u0259l\u0259r vurur v\u0259 m\u0259n\u0259vi f\u0259sadlar t\u00f6r\u0259dir. \u018fn \u00e7ox da bu z\u0259rb\u0259l\u0259ri b\u00f6y\u00fckl\u0259r deyil, u\u015faqlar al\u0131r, onlar\u0131n h\u0259yat\u0131nda d\u0259rin izl\u0259r v\u0259 \u015f\u0131r\u0131mlar a\u00e7\u0131r, g\u00f6yn\u0259ml\u0259ri yaraya \u00e7evrilir.\nD\u00f6vl\u0259t Statistika Komit\u0259sind\u0259n veril\u0259n m\u0259lumata g\u00f6r\u0259, \u00f6t\u0259n il \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259 62 min 923 nikah v\u0259 14 min 514 bo\u015fanma hallar\u0131 qeyd\u0259 al\u0131n\u0131b. R\u0259smi r\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259r bo\u015fananlar\u0131n nikaha gir\u0259nl\u0259rin d\u00f6rd\u0259 birini t\u0259\u015fkil ediyini deyir. \u018fslind\u0259 is\u0259 qeyri-r\u0259smi evl\u0259nib bo\u015fananlar\u0131n say\u0131 qat-qat \u00e7oxdur v\u0259 bu, ciddi narahatl\u0131q do\u011furmaya bilm\u0259z!
\n2016-c\u0131 ill\u0259 m\u00fcqayis\u0259d\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259 nikahlar\u0131n say\u0131 5,8% azal\u0131b, bo\u015fanmalar\u0131n say\u0131 is\u0259 \u0259ksin\u0259 10,8% art\u0131b. Bu da ciddi siqnald\u0131r.
\nStatistika g\u00f6st\u0259rir ki, 2019-cu ilin ilk \u00fc\u00e7 ay\u0131 \u0259rzind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycanda qeydiyyat \u015f\u00f6b\u0259l\u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n 13 min 191 nikah v\u0259 3972 bo\u015fanma hallar\u0131 qeyd\u0259 al\u0131n\u0131b.
\n\u018fhalinin h\u0259r 1000 n\u0259f\u0259rin\u0259 nikahlar\u0131n say\u0131 5,4, bo\u015fanmalar\u0131n say\u0131 is\u0259 1,6 olub.
\n\u00dcmumilikd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycanda bo\u015fananlar aras\u0131nda nikahlar\u0131 9 il\u0259d\u0259k davam ed\u0259nl\u0259rin say\u0131 nisb\u0259t\u0259n azd\u0131r. Nikahlar\u0131 10 il v\u0259 daha \u00e7ox davam ed\u0259nl\u0259rin bo\u015fanma say\u0131 is\u0259 \u00e7oxdur v\u0259 bu say 5 il\u0259d\u0259k evli qalanlardan sonra ikinci yerd\u0259 g\u0259lir.
\nD\u00fcnyan\u0131n bir \u00e7ox \u00f6lk\u0259sind\u0259 bo\u015fanmalarla ba\u011fl\u0131 apar\u0131lan sor\u011fular n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 m\u0259lum olub ki, c\u00fctl\u00fckl\u0259rin bo\u015fanma s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259ri he\u00e7 d\u0259 h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 iqtisadi probleml\u0259rl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 olmur. \u018fksin\u0259, onlar aralar\u0131ndak\u0131 \u015f\u0259xsi \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259rin daha \u00e7\u0259tin oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u0259r. B\u0259s Az\u0259rbaycanda bo\u015fanmaya s\u0259b\u0259b olan faktorlar hans\u0131lard\u0131r?
\nPsixoloqlar ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131blar ki, bo\u015fanman\u0131n s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259ri bir \u00e7ox faktorlarla \u0259laq\u0259dard\u0131r. Buna \u0259sas kimi mobil rabit\u0259ni, t\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259rin \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn b\u00f6y\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f oldu\u011fu ail\u0259 m\u00fchitini, \u00f6zl\u0259rinin psixoloji narahatl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 sair g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u0259k olar:
\nPsixoloqlar ail\u0259l\u0259rin probleml\u0259r\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 d\u00f6z\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fcn d\u0259 bo\u015fanma s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259rind\u0259n biri oldu\u011funu g\u00f6st\u0259rirl\u0259r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, konkret olaraq 90-c\u0131 ill\u0259rd\u0259n bu t\u0259r\u0259f\u0259 ail\u0259 quranlarda d\u00f6z\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck hal\u0131 daha \u00e7oxdur. Bu c\u00fctl\u00fckl\u0259r \u00f6zl\u0259ri d\u0259 el\u0259 bir ail\u0259d\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fcy\u00fcbl\u0259r ki, h\u0259-min ail\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 u\u015faq say\u0131 azd\u0131r. Bu is\u0259 u\u015faq eqosunun y\u00fcks\u0259k olmas\u0131na g\u0259tirib \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131r. Bu zaman valideynl\u0259 u\u015faq aras\u0131nda emosional ba\u011f\u0131n \u00e7ox olmas\u0131, h\u0259r bir x\u0131rda konflikt\u0259 valideynin m\u00fcdaxil\u0259 etm\u0259sin\u0259 g\u0259tirib \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131r.
\nBo\u015fanma hallar\u0131 g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k genefondumuza m\u0259nfi t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259rir. Uzun ill\u0259r ail\u0259li olan c\u00fctl\u00fckl\u0259r d\u0259 bo\u015fan\u0131r. Psixoloq Elnur R\u00fcst\u0259mov qeyd edir ki, \u0259g\u0259r d\u00fcn\u0259n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r ail\u0259 qurub 5-6 ay, 1 ild\u0259n sonra bo\u015fanan c\u00fctl\u00fckl\u0259r vard\u0131sa, bu g\u00fcn 10 ilin, 20 ilin ail\u0259lisi d\u0259 bo\u015fan\u0131r. Y\u0259ni tez da\u011f\u0131lan ail\u0259l\u0259r art\u0131q uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc ail\u0259l\u0259rimiz\u0259 bel\u0259 m\u0259nfi t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259rir.
\nStatistik r\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259r s\u00fcbut edir ki, bo\u015fanmalar\u0131n say\u0131 ild\u0259n-il\u0259 daha da art\u0131r. Sosioloqlar hesab edirl\u0259r ki, bunun yaln\u0131z sosial yox, h\u0259m d\u0259 psixoloji k\u00f6kl\u0259ri var. C\u0259miyy\u0259tin intellektual bax\u0131mdan indikind\u0259n daha a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 hesab etdiyimiz d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 bo\u015fanmalar daha az idi. Amma indi bo\u015fanmalar\u0131n say\u0131 azalmaq \u0259v\u0259zin\u0259 artmaqda davam edir. Biz bunun m\u0259n\u0259vi, psixoloji v\u0259 iqtisadi k\u00f6kl\u0259rini axtarmal\u0131y\u0131q. \u018fvv\u0259la, bu, milli d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259rin yeni d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259rl\u0259 \u0259v\u0259zl\u0259nm\u0259si dem\u0259kdir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, Q\u0259rbd\u0259n Az\u0259rbaycana yeni bir \u015f\u00fcur formas\u0131 g\u0259l\u0259r\u0259k, buradak\u0131 milli \u015f\u00fcuru f\u0259th etm\u0259k m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sind\u0259dir. \u00c7\u00fcnki ail\u0259y\u0259 m\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s baxan milli d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259rimiz bu sah\u0259d\u0259 f\u0259rqli bax\u0131\u015f ortaya qoyan Q\u0259rb bax\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan \u00e7ox t\u0259zadl\u0131d\u0131r. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 ail\u0259ni m\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s bir ocaq hesab ed\u0259n \u0259n\u0259n\u0259vi bax\u0131\u015f d\u0259yi\u015fib. Art\u0131q ail\u0259, bel\u0259 dem\u0259k m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcrs\u0259, b\u00fct\u00f6vl\u00fckd\u0259 h\u0259yat probleml\u0259ri aras\u0131nda ikinci plana at\u0131l\u0131b.
\nB\u0259zi ara\u015fd\u0131rma\u00e7\u0131lar bo\u015fanma hallar\u0131na \u0259sas s\u0259b\u0259b kimi qad\u0131nlar\u0131n ail\u0259daxili \u015fidd\u0259t\u0259 m\u0259ruz qalmas\u0131n\u0131 da g\u00f6st\u0259rirl\u0259r:
\n\u201cXasiyy\u0259t uy\u011funla\u015fmamas\u0131\u201d ifad\u0259si alt\u0131nda h\u0259ddind\u0259n \u00e7ox fikirl\u0259r yat\u0131r.
\nBo\u015fanma s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259rind\u0259n biri d\u0259 sosial-m\u0259i\u015f\u0259t probleml\u0259ridir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, burada m\u0259nzill\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 probleml\u0259r qabar\u0131qd\u0131r. Qay\u0131nata-qay\u0131nana il\u0259 bir yerd\u0259 ya\u015famaq da b\u0259zi c\u00fctl\u00fckl\u0259r aras\u0131nda bo\u015fanmaya g\u0259tirib \u00e7\u0131xaran s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259rd\u0259n olur.
\n“\u018fn \u00e7ox qad\u0131n x\u0259yan\u0259ti bo\u015fanmaya s\u0259b\u0259b olur” \u2013bel\u0259 hesab ed\u0259nl\u0259r d\u0259 var.
\n\u018fslind\u0259 d\u0259 bo\u015fanmaya \u0259n \u00e7ox s\u0259b\u0259b el\u0259 x\u0259yan\u0259tl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r: Bu bir faktd\u0131r ki, x\u0259yan\u0259tl\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259dar bo\u015fanmalar\u0131n say\u0131 art\u0131b. Buna h\u0259m sosioloji, h\u0259m d\u0259 psixoloji m\u0259qamlar \u015f\u0259rait yarad\u0131r. Psixoloji m\u0259qamlara ayd\u0131nl\u0131q g\u0259tirs\u0259k, g\u00f6r\u0259rik ki, x\u0259yan\u0259t ed\u0259n qad\u0131nlar\u0131n \u0259n \u00e7ox i\u015fl\u0259tdiyi ifad\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n biri ail\u0259d\u0259 diqq\u0259t v\u0259 qay\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yerind\u0259 olmamas\u0131, qar\u015f\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259fin onlara kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r vaxt ay\u0131rmamas\u0131d\u0131r.
\nQeyd etdiyimiz kimi, d\u00fcnya statistikas\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rir ki, son on ild\u0259 n\u0259inki Az\u0259rbaycanda, \u00fcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259, d\u00fcnyada bo\u015fanmalarda, ail\u0259l\u0259rin da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131nda say art\u0131b. Bo\u015fanmalar iki d\u0259f\u0259 \u00e7oxal\u0131b ki, bu, \u00e7ox a\u011f\u0131r v\u0259 d\u00f6z\u00fclm\u0259z faktordur.
\nErk\u0259n, qeyri-qanuni nikahlardan, bo\u015fanmalardan ilk \u0259ziyy\u0259t \u00e7\u0259k\u0259n u\u015faqlar v\u0259 qad\u0131nlar olur:
\nPsixoloqlar g\u00f6st\u0259rirl\u0259r ki, x\u00fcsusil\u0259 d\u0259, u\u015faqlar bo\u015fanmalar\u0131n, ail\u0259daxili konfliktl\u0259rin yaratd\u0131\u011f\u0131 probleml\u0259rin f\u0259sadlar\u0131ndan ciddi \u0259ziyy\u0259t \u00e7\u0259kirl\u0259r. Onlar bir \u00e7ox hallarda qorxulu, ke\u00e7ici x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r\u0259 tutulurlar ki, sonradan h\u0259min u\u015faqlar\u0131n m\u00fcalic\u0259si, m\u00fcayin\u0259si \u00e7ox \u00e7\u0259tin olur.
\nH\u0259r hans\u0131 s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n bo\u015fanmalar ba\u015f verirs\u0259 versin, ail\u0259l\u0259rin da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131 c\u0259miyy\u0259td\u0259 \u00f6z m\u0259nfi effektini g\u00f6st\u0259rir v\u0259 bu da milli-m\u0259n\u0259vi d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259rimiz\u0259, g\u0259nc n\u0259slin sosial-psixoloji durumuna ciddi t\u0259sir edir. Erk\u0259n nikah, maddi probleml\u0259r, x\u0259yan\u0259t, narkomanl\u0131q, s\u0259rxo\u015fluq v\u0259 \u0259yya\u015fl\u0131q, cinsi zorak\u0131l\u0131qlar, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259 t\u0259rzind\u0259ki f\u0259rql\u0259r v\u0259 s. v\u0259 i.a. sonda ail\u0259l\u0259rin da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b olan \u0259sas amill\u0259rd\u0259ndir. Bu sah\u0259d\u0259 apar\u0131lmas\u0131 vacib olan maarifl\u0259nm\u0259 i\u015finin z\u0259ifliyi, ail\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259, t\u0259hsil ocaqlar\u0131nda t\u0259rbiy\u0259nin d\u00fczg\u00fcn qurulmamas\u0131 da \u0259sas rol oynay\u0131r.<\/p>\n